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Table 3. Employment1) Status of Parents/Partners, by Type of Family and by Race
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1985
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1990
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1995
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2000
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2002
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Black, non-Hispanic
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Two married parents
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Father and mother both employed
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55.3
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58.1
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59.7
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63.0
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60.5
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Father employed only
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28.3
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22.4
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20.6
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22.1
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21.2
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Mother employed only
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6.4
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10.3
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10.9
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9.4
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12.6
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Mother and father not employed
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10.1
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9.3
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8.8
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5.6
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5.8
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Single MOTHER
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Mother works
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42.8
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45.1
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50.2
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67.3
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64.5
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Working male partner is present
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1.7
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3.8
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4.0
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5.4
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4.6
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No working mother or male partner
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56.6
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53.5
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48.4
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31.4
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34.2
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Single FATHER
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Father works
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75.8
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68.4
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71.6
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79.3
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72.6
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Working female partner is present
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13.5
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20.3
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26.4
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29.5
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25.7
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No working father or female partner
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22.7
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29.0
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24.2
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16.0
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22.3
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Hispanic
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Two married parents
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Father and mother both employed
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37.1
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42.0
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39.9
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46.8
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45.8
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Father employed only
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47.4
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44.2
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45.8
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43.6
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41.8
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Mother employed only
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4.7
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5.9
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5.7
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4.8
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5.8
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Mother and father not employed
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10.8
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7.9
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8.7
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4.7
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6.7
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Single MOTHER
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Mother works
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36.7
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42.2
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41.5
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61.5
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65.5
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Working male partner is present
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3.2
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5.7
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4.0
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9.0
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10.0
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Mother/Male partner not employer
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62.0
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55.4
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56.5
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35.0
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31.4
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Single FATHER
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Father works
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81.6
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79.6
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75.8
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85.6
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84.9
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Working female partner is present
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11.9
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20.9
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20.3
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21.4
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21.1
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Father/Female partner not employed
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17.8
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17.2
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21.8
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12.2
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12.1
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White, non-Hispanic
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Two married parents
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Father and mother both employed
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52.1
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57.7
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62.2
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62.4
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60.1
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Father employed only
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39.8
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34.1
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29.1
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30.9
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31.5
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Mother employed only
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3.2
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4.3
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4.5
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4.0
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4.9
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Mother and father not employed
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4.9
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3.9
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4.2
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2.8
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3.6
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Single MOTHER
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Mother works
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63.3
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66.3
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67.7
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76.8
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75.1
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Working male partner is present
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4.6
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6.5
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8.6
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12.3
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11.2
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Mother/Male partner not employed
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35.3
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31.7
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29.6
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19.8
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21.9
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Single FATHER
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Father works
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83.4
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86.0
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82.9
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86.4
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83.5
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Working female partner is present
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8.7
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15.6
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16.7
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22.2
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20.3
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Father/Female partner not employed
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15.9
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12.8
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15.2
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10.7
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13.3
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1) Refers to persons employed last week. Data presented are annual averages of monthly reports on employment status.
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Source: Annual average of CPS monthly Outgoing Rotation Groups (ORG)
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