Civic Report
No. 35 March 2003


Gaining Ground, Moving Up: The Change in the Economic Status of Single Mother Under Welfare Reform

Table 11: Own Cash Income and Its Major Components by Income Quintile for Single Mothers, 18–44 (income in 2001 dollars)

 

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

 

% with Item

Mean Income from Item

% with Item

Mean Income from Item

% with Item

Mean Income from Item

% with Item

Mean Income from Item

% with Item

Mean Income from Item

% with Item

Mean Income from Item

% with Item

Mean Income from Item

% with Item

Mean Income from Item

Lowest quintile

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings

34.7

1,790

36.8

2,008

34.7

2,127

39.2

2,162

40.2

2,078

44.7

2,038

45.3

2,336

42.7

2,869

Welfare benefits

53.0

2,860

45.0

2,837

41.6

2,574

40.7

2,731

35.5

2,621

30.0

2,370

25.9

2,570

26.5

2,535

with Positive Income

82.9

2,982

78.1

3,129

77.6

2,948

79.0

3,062

75.4

2,969

71.9

2,850

75.8

3,004

74.5

3,400

with Negative Income

0.2

-2,367

0.5

-1,517

0.0

0

0.0

0

0.8

-1,780

0.3

-1,786

0.1

-6,217

0.1

-3,660

with ZERO Income

16.9

0

21.4

0

22.4

0

21.0

0

23.8

0

27.7

0

24.0

0

25.4

0

Total Income including zero & neg

100.0

2,469

100.0

2,436

100.0

2,287

100.0

2,419

100.0

2,225

100.0

2,043

100.0

2,270

100.0

2,532

Second quintile

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings

44.9

4,250

49.5

5,004

55.2

4,866

57.0

5,060

67.3

5,728

70.5

6,309

77.8

7,151

82.0

7,893

Welfare benefits

68.3

5,301

63.9

5,000

58.8

4,933

56.4

4,797

45.1

4,471

42.4

3,874

32.4

3,813

23.0

3,817

Total Income

100.0

6,999

100.0

7,222

100.0

7,294

100.0

7,385

100.0

7,673

100.0

8,214

100.0

8,782

100.0

9,531

Third quintile

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings

73.9

9,402

78.2

9,765

78.0

10,371

86.8

10,669

88.8

11,019

92.9

12,513

93.8

13,772

93.7

14,219

Welfare benefits

41.2

5,588

40.0

5,477

35.5

5,466

26.7

4,254

24.3

4,277

17.1

4,554

13.7

3,635

10.7

4,558

Total Income

100.0

11,832

100.0

12,451

100.0

12,679

100.0

13,031

100.0

13,420

100.0

14,705

100.0

15,732

100.0

16,235

Fourth quintile

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings

93.3

17,706

94.8

17,458

96.1

17,967

96.0

18,686

95.7

19,201

97.6

20,399

97.6

21,633

99.0

22,540

Welfare benefits

11.2

4,569

12.9

4,857

9.6

4,840

9.3

3,537

7.0

3,564

5.6

4,913

4.8

4,378

4.4

6,700

Total Income

100.0

20,300

100.0

21,038

100.0

21,172

100.0

21,504

100.0

21,920

100.0

23,489

100.0

24,443

100.0

25,127

Highest quintile

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings

97.1

35,279

98.0

36,894

97.8

37,533

98.4

37,001

97.9

39,646

98.7

40,155

98.8

43,396

98.9

44,657

Welfare benefits

2.5

5,184

2.2

7,721

1.9

6,740

2.4

5,339

1.5

4,296

1.9

3,955

1.1

5,137

1.3

2,904

Total Income

100.0

41,666

100.0

43,025

100.0

43,762

100.0

43,015

100.0

45,723

100.0

46,336

100.0

50,961

100.0

51,397

Note: Calculated from Microdata files, March CPS. Quintiles are based on the quintile distribution of single mothers’ own cash income. Income is the average within each quintile.

[Table 1][Table 2][Table 3][Table 4][Table 5][Table 6][Table 7][Table 8]
[
Table 9][Table 10][Table 11][Table 12][Table 13][Table 14]